Cardioversion

Last modified: 22 September 2022, 12:39:48 PM AEST
Gems1 / 11
  • allow enough time for fentanyl to work
  • Cardioversion = synchronised delivery of electrical energy
  • Defibrillation = asynchronous delivery of electrical energy
  • Defibrillator (the machine, which can do both)
    • set to "Sync"
    • shock is synchronized with the QRS complex (specifically, the R wave)
      • PEAK of QRS complex
    • prevents shock being delivered during repolarisation (T-wave), thereby precipitating VF
    • there will be slight delay in the shock
  • Vulnerable period = ventricular repolarisation
    • peak of T wave
    • R on T phenomenon = PVC / defib during this may precipitate VF
  • Must assess RISK of intracardiac THROMBUS
  • 3 shocks, and unsuccessful = likely won't work
    • Focus is on rate control and anticoagulation
DC2 / 11
  • Direct current
    • this is used
  • Alternating current
    • this is NOT used
    • ⬆risk myocardial damage
      • ⬆energy flux
      • ⬆duration
Definition3 / 11
  • delivery of shock that depolarises ALL the excitable myocardial tissue
  • tissues in re-entrant circuit are depolarised and subsequent refractory
  • circuit is unable to propogate
Contraindications4 / 11
  • IED (PPM/AICD) must be 8 cm away
Benefits / advantages5 / 11
  • termination of abnormal rhythm
  • restoration of normal perfusing rhythm
Technique / description6 / 11
  • Defib pads on patient
  • Monitoring
Dose7 / 11
  • biphasic energy
  • paediatric
    • 0.5 J/kg
    • 1 J/kg if necessary
  • adult
    • Aflutter = 50 J if new onset = least amount of energy required
    • AF = 100 J
    • SVT = 100 J
    • max = 200 J
Drugs8 / 11
  • fentanyl 50 mcg
  • propofol 0.5-1 mg/kg
Have ready9 / 11
  • atropine (bradycardia)
  • metaraminol (hypotension)
  • emergency trolley
Common questions / related topics10 / 11
  • Success factors
    • Patient
      • Duration of AF
        • More likely success in acute > chronic AF
      • Cause of AF
      • EUC/CMP optimised
      • Medications
    • Anaesthesia
      • Adequate dose
References11 / 11

https://www.uptodate.com.acs.hcn.com.au/contents/defibrillation-and-cardioversion-in-children-including-automated-external-defibrillation/print

https://theskepticalcardiologist.com/2016/04/09/atrial-fibrillation-how-many-times-can-you-shock-the-heart/

https://wikem.org/wiki/Synchronized_cardioversion